Abrasives are used for grinding, lapping and polishing tools. Most of the abrasive with abrasive artificial abrasive plus binding agent made from natural mineral rock is also useful directly processed into natural abrasive. Abrasives except in machinery manufacturing and other metalworking industries are widely used, but also for the processing of food processing, paper industry and the ceramics, glass, stone, plastic, rubber, wood and other non-metallic materials.
Abrasive during use, when the abrasive blunt, chipped or partially due to the grain itself binding agent break, the abrasive grains from partial or complete loss, and abrasive working surface of emerging new cutting edge, or continue to expose new sharp abrasive, so abrasive in a certain period of time to maintain the cutting performance. Such self-sharpening abrasive, is abrasive tool compared with the general outstanding characteristics.
As early as the Neolithic Age, humans had already started to use natural millstone processing knives, axes, bone, horn, and tools such as a tooth; in 1872, appeared in the United States with natural abrasive combination with clay fired Ceramic wheel; after 1900, the advent of artificial abrasives, abrasive manufactured using a variety of artificial abrasive successive generation, created conditions for the rapid development of grinding and grinding machines. Since then, natural abrasive abrasive gradually decrease in proportion.
Abrasives source of their raw material, natural and artificial abrasive abrasive categories. Commonly used in machinery industry is only natural abrasives Whetstone. Artificial abrasive according to the basic shape and structure of distinction, grinding wheel, grinding head, Whetstone, sand tile (collectively, bonded abrasives) and coated abrasives five. In addition, it is customary to also as a class abrasive grinding tools.
Bonded Abrasives used by abrasive can be divided into ordinary abrasive abrasive and super abrasive abrasive. The former general with corundum and silicon carbide abrasives, which are made of diamond and cubic boron nitride and other superhard abrasive. In addition, there are some special varieties, such as sintered corundum and other abrasive.
Ordinary abrasive abrasive binding agent by ordinary abrasive consolidated into a certain shape and a certain intensity of abrasive. Usually by the abrasive, binder and pore structure, which is often referred to as abrasive three parts of three elements.
Abrasive cutting in abrasive in play. Binding agent is the solid form of loose abrasive abrasive materials, inorganic and organic categories. Inorganic binder has a ceramic, magnesite and sodium silicate; organic resin, rubber and shellac. One of the most commonly used is a ceramic, resin and rubber binder.
Stomata grinding of debris from the chip and chip removal effect, and can accommodate coolant, helps heat dissipation of grinding. To meet some special processing requirements, it can also impregnated within the pores of certain fillers, such as sulfur and paraffin, so as to improve the performance of abrasive. Such fillers, also known as the fourth element of the abrasive.
Representing an average abrasive abrasive characteristics of the project are: the shape, size abrasive, grain size, hardness, structure and bonding agent. Abrasive grains Hardness is the external force, from the degree of difficulty shedding abrasive surface, which reflects the strength of the binding agent holding abrasive grains.
Abrasive hardness depends mainly on the amount of binding agent is added to the number and density of abrasive grit off easily, said lower abrasive hardness; on the contrary, represents a high hardness. Hardness grades are generally divided into super-soft, soft, soft, medium, medium-hard, hard and superhard seven level, from these levels may also be subdivided into several smaller stages. The method of measuring the hardness of abrasive, more commonly used hand cone, mechanical cone method, Rockwell hardness measurement method and blasting hardness assay.
Hardness of the dynamic elastic modulus of the abrasive has a corresponding relationship, which is conducive to the determination by the abrasive audio method to represent the dynamic elastic modulus of the abrasive hardness. In grinding, the high if they are grinding the workpiece material hardness, generally used in low hardness abrasive; on the contrary, the selection of high hardness abrasive.
Abrasives organization roughly divided into close, medium and loose categories. Each category can be further subdivided and number, with the organization number to distinguish. Abrasives organization number larger share of abrasive abrasive volume percentage of smaller, wider gap between grains, represent more loose tissue. Conversely, the smaller number represents more tightly organized organization. Loose organization of abrasive passivation is not easy when you use less heat in the grinding process, the workpiece can reduce heat deformation and burns. Tight organization of abrasive grains not falling, is conducive to maintaining abrasive geometry. Abrasives organization to be only in the manufacture of abrasive formulation according to control, generally do not make the determination.
Superhard abrasive abrasive mainly composed of diamond, cubic boron nitride and a binder to form a solid abrasive. Because diamond, cubic boron nitride high prices, has a good wear resistance, they are manufactured with ordinary abrasive abrasive abrasive different, except super abrasive layer, as well as transition layer and substrate.
Superhard abrasive layer from the cutting action is part of the superabrasive and a binding agent. Matrix is ​​the role played in the grinding lugs, and made of metal, bakelite or ceramic materials. Transition for connecting the substrate and superhard abrasive layer consisting of a binder and, sometimes, it can be omitted. Commonly used binder resin, metal, plated metal, and ceramics.
Bonded Abrasives manufacturing process are: distribution of materials, mixing, forming, heat treatment, machining and inspection. With different binding agents, manufacturing processes are not the same. Vitrified bond mainly profiling method, after the abrasive and binder weight ratio formula weighing, mixing evenly placed within the mixer, into a metal mold, in press molding the abrasive blank. Blank firing kiln dried and then into the firing temperature is generally about 1300 ℃. When the low-melting binder pillow melting, sintering temperature below 1000 ℃. Press predetermined size and shape precision machining, final inspection products.
Resin bonded abrasives are generally in the press molding at room temperature, there is also heating side pressurized hot pressing process in heating conditions below. After forming in the hardening furnace hardening. When the phenolic resin as binder, curing temperature is 180 ~ 200 ℃.
Rubber bonded abrasives mainly roll-on mixing, and roll into thin slices, then die cutter punching molding; also some with loose materials, put on the inner mold press molding. After the vulcanization molding in the vulcanization tank, a temperature of 165 ~ 180 ℃.
Metal bonded abrasives manufacturing process, there are two powder metallurgy method and a plating method, mainly for superhard abrasive abrasive. Bronze powder metallurgy as the binding agent, or after mixing by hot press molding at room temperature, and then sintering processing. Plating nickel or nickel-cobalt alloy as the plating metal plating process by abrasive consolidated on a substrate made of abrasive.
Special varieties have sintered corundum grinding wheel and other abrasive fibers. Sintered corundum abrasive is alumina powder and an appropriate amount of chromium oxide mixing, forming, sintering at about 1800 ℃. This abrasive compact, with high strength, mainly used for processing watches, instruments and other components. Fiber abrasive is adhered containing or abrasive filaments (such as nylon) as made of raw materials, its good elasticity, mainly used for metal polishing materials and products.
 Nanan Broadway Machinery Co. www.diamondtools.top
 Nanan Broadway Machinery Co., Ltd. is located in the Art Institute of Chicago, known as "China Stone City" said Quanzhou, Fujian Province Water Town, is specialized in the development, production and sales of diamond blades, diamond saw blades and other diamond tools, diamond cutter head cold press, diamond saw blade welding racks and other products of export-oriented manufacturing enterprises. Using international advanced technology, high-quality imported spare parts. Machinery and Tools product looks, easy to operate security, stable performance, is the diamond tool industry product of choice. Professional development, production and sales and service team, has independent R & D and production: the diamond cutter head cold press, diamond saw blades welded frame, diamond saw blade and other products.
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